The environmental challenges and food security issues faced by Iraq and the Kurdistan Region, which are intensified by population growth and political instability. The study analyzes the region's deteriorating environmental conditions, with a focus on desertification, water scarcity, frequent extreme weather events, and the mismanagement of water resources. Additionally, it explores the impacts of these environmental issues on agricultural productivity, the food security chain, and the broader implications for economic and social stability.

The research offers practical recommendations for mitigating environmental impacts and enhancing food security in Iraq and the Kurdistan area. Enhancing governance structures and institutional frameworks is a crucial approach for securing sustainable resource management. Furthermore, it advocates for the execution of agricultural development strategies aligned with climate change adaptations, with investments in water resource conservation and soil infrastructure improvement. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of establishing a collaborative framework at the local, regional, and international levels to manage water resources in Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. Such cooperation is critical for lowering tensions and promoting mutually beneficial solutions.